Hypotheses
- Exclusive mother-infant sleeping and a long postpartum sex taboo are positively associated with male initiation.Ember, Carol R. - Explaining male initiation ceremonies: new cross-cultural tests and a cataly..., 2010 - 3 Variables
This article discusses two different explanations of male initiation ceremonies. Evidence is also presented that suggests that psychological conflict might strongly predict male initiation in the presence of the following catalysts: nonmatrilocal residence, nonstate political organization, and warfare.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Exclusive mother-son sleeping and a post-partum sex taboo are positively associated with initiation ceremonies at puberty.Whiting, John W.M. - The Function of Male Initiation Ceremonies at Puberty, 1958 - 3 VariablesRelated Hypotheses Cite More By Author
- "The two aspects of what may not be labeled 'absent-father family organization' have no empirical relation to initiation ceremonies when male solidarity is controlled" (386)Young, Frank W. - The function of male initiation ceremonies: a cross-cultural test of an alte..., 1962 - 4 Variables
This study investigates theories of male initiation ceremonies. The author examines a hypothesis related to child-rearing variables (sleeping arrangements and post-partum taboo) and rejects it based on empirical analysis. An alternative hypothesis related to male solidarity is offered.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Societies with patrilocal residence and exclusive mother-infant sleeping will be positively associated with female initiation rites involving extreme pain.Brown, Judith K. - A cross-cultural study of female initiation rites, 1963 - 3 Variables
This article discusses initiation rites for girls. Specifically explored are the reasons why the ceremonies are observed in some societies and omitted in others and what the variations between societies demonstrates.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Controlling on living quarters for co-wives, length of postpartum sex taboo is not associated with circumcision of males at puberty (9).Kitahara, Michio - Significance of the father for the son's masculine identity, 1975 - 3 Variables
The significance of the son's insufficient contact with his father during infancy in regard to circumcision and segregation is examined. This article suggests that it is not the long postpartum sexual taboo but the separation of each co-wife that is instrumental in bringing about circumcision and segregation. Expands on Kitahara 1974.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Controlling on length of postpartum sex taboo, living quarter arrangements for co-wives are associated with circumcision of males at puberty (10).Kitahara, Michio - Significance of the father for the son's masculine identity, 1975 - 3 Variables
The significance of the son's insufficient contact with his father during infancy in regard to circumcision and segregation is examined. This article suggests that it is not the long postpartum sexual taboo but the separation of each co-wife that is instrumental in bringing about circumcision and segregation. Expands on Kitahara 1974.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Warfare frequency will be associated with male initiation ceremonies.Ember, Carol R. - Explaining male initiation ceremonies: new cross-cultural tests and a cataly..., 2010 - 2 Variables
This article discusses two different explanations of male initiation ceremonies. Evidence is also presented that suggests that psychological conflict might strongly predict male initiation in the presence of the following catalysts: nonmatrilocal residence, nonstate political organization, and warfare.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "In the presence of a short [postpartum sex] taboo, which is the more crucial control situation, . . . [there is a strong] correlation between high male mortality and polygyny" (202)Ember, Melvin - Warfare, sex ratio and polygyny, 1974 - 3 Variables
This paper suggests that polygyny may be best explained by uneven sex ratios, particularly an excess of women while men are engaged in warfare. The author also considers Whiting’s 1964 theory that used post-partum sex taboos to explain polygyny. These two theories are tested cross-culturally and results suggest that polygyny is a response to an unbalanced sex ratio in favor of women.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "In societies with maximum conflict in sex identity, e.g., where a boy initially sleeps exclusively with his mother and where the domestic unit is patrilocal and hence controlled by men, there will be initiation rites at puberty which function to resolve this conflict in identity" (112-113)Burton, Roger V. - The absent father and cross-sex identity, 1963 - 3 Variables
This study advances the status envy hypothesis of sex identification to explain customs such as male initiation ceremonies and the couvade. Theory of sex identification is discussed; resource withholding, exclusive mother-child sleeping, patrilocality, father absence, female status, and initiation are all considered. Hypotheses are supported with empirical tests.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "However, when we control on Whiting's predictor, i.e., presence or absence of a long postpartum sex taboo, a strong relationship between high male mortality and polygyny still obtains, in the presence of both a long and a short postpartum sex taboo" (202)Ember, Melvin - Warfare, sex ratio and polygyny, 1974 - 3 Variables
This paper suggests that polygyny may be best explained by uneven sex ratios, particularly an excess of women while men are engaged in warfare. The author also considers Whiting’s 1964 theory that used post-partum sex taboos to explain polygyny. These two theories are tested cross-culturally and results suggest that polygyny is a response to an unbalanced sex ratio in favor of women.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author