Microfiche vs. Online eHRAF

The HRAF Collection of Ethnography, which was first built on paper in 1949 (converted to microfiche in the late 1950s), currently contains nearly one million pages of information on more than 350 cultures of the world, past and present. Each culture file contains a variety of source documents (books, articles, and manuscripts) that have been indexed and organized according to HRAF’s comprehensive culture and subject classification systems: The Outline of Cultural Materials (OCM) and the Outline of World Cultures (OWC).

Most microfiche contain about 240 file pages on each fiche. In addition to the file pages, most fiche also contain eye-readable flashers which indicate where new subject categories begin. Each microfiche also has a header strip that includes the name of the culture, its OWC code, the subject category codes for the subjects covered on the fiche, and the fiche serial number. The entire microfiche collection consists of 23,381 fiche, covering approximately 350 cultures.

From the 1950s until 1993, the annual installments of the HRAF Collection of Ethnography were distributed on microfiche. In 1993, with installment 42, microfiche production ended. Materials since 1994 (as well as retrospective conversions and updates of existing materials) are available in electronic form only.

It is important to note that the cultures in the microfiche and electronic versions of the HRAF Collection of Ethnography are not covered in the same ways; the online version (eHRAF World Cultures) includes more recent documents and not all the older documents are retained such as the historical country and city files. Although HRAF is planning to include all the “anthropological cultures” online, we usually have a truncated version in the eHRAF World Cultures database.

Important Notes

1. While the microfiche collections of the HRAF Collection of Ethnography are the property of HRAF, the HRAF Board of Sponsoring members will annually consider all requests from member institutions who no longer want to house the microfiche at their institutions. In other words, should the institution wish to transfer them to another institution or discard them, they are asked to put this request in writing and send to hraf@yale.edu. In the case of a proposed transfer, we will need the name of the proposed institution.

2. Keep in mind that while much of the collection has been put into eHRAF World Cultures and is online, there are currently no plans to transition all the documents on fiche to electronic format.  Some collections, particularly the historical country files, will not be included in eHRAF.

Complete Collection List

The Complete Collection List (in Excel format) provides a list of culture names, page and document counts and other information currently available in the online eHRAF World Cultures database and in the HRAF microfiche Files. culture names and page and document counts the microfiche format (HRAF Collection of Ethnography). This Excel list may be of interest to those member institutions wishing to compare the two formats. The columns in blue are in reference to the HRAF Files in the microfiche and formats.  The columns in red refer to the cultures in the eHRAF World Cultures database.  Columns in black (region name and OWC code) are common to both — HRAF microfiche Files and eHRAF online. Any fields that are blank means that no information is available.

The Excel format is practical because it enables you to modify any columns to your needs, including adding up the numbers in the columns to generate a total page and document count (HRAF’s units of measure). Contact HRAF to find out whether your academic institution has the microfiche format.

The table below is an excerpt of what can be found in the Complete Collection List.

OWCRegionFICHE CULTURE NAMEFICHE
INSTALL.
EHRAF
INSTALL.
EHRAF CULTURE NAME (ONLINE)
AA01AsiaKoreaE10E46Korea
AB06AsiaAinuE22E56Ainu
AB43AsiaOkayamaE28E58Okayama
AC07AsiaOkinawaE22E49Okinawans
AD01AsiaFormosaE13
AD04AsiaFormosan Aborigines (subfile of AD01)E13
AD05AsiaTaiwan Hokkien IE23E43Taiwan Hokkien
AD05AsiaTaiwan Hokkien IIE33E43Taiwan Hokkien
AE03AsiaSino-Tibetan BorderE17
AE04AsiaLolo (Yi in eHRAF)E14E58Yi
AE05AsiaMiaoE07E56Miao
AE09AsiaMonguorE15E53Monguor
AF01AsiaChinaE06
AF12AsiaNorth ChinaE12
AF13AsiaNorthwest ChinaE16
AF14AsiaCentral ChinaE10
AF15AsiaEast ChinaE09
AF16AsiaSouthwest ChinaE19
AF17AsiaSouth ChinaE09
AG01AsiaManchuriaE20
AG04AsiaE59Manchu
AH01AsiaMongoliaE09E54Mongolia
AH06AsiaInner MongoliaE21E54Inner Mongolia
AH07AsiaOuter MongoliaE18
AI01AsiaSinkiangE10
AJ01AsiaTibetE01E57Tibetans
AJ04AsiaWest TibetansE16
AK05AsiaLepchaE02E51Lepcha
AK06AsiaSherpaE41E52Sherpa
AL01AsiaSoutheast AsiaE19
AM01AsiaIndochinaE11
AM04AsiaCambodia (subfile of AM01)E11E59Cambodians
AM08AsiaLaos (subfile of AM01)E12
AM11AsiaVietnam (subfile of AM01)E12E55Vietnamese
AN01AsiaMalayaE03
AN05AsiaMalays (subfile of AN01)E03E58Malays
AN06AsiaSenoiE39E59Semai
AN07AsiaSemangE04E55Semang
AO01AsiaThailandE04
AO07AsiaCentral Thai IIE34E48Central Thai
AO07AsiaCentral Thai IE23E48Central Thai
AP01AsiaBurmaE05
AP04AsiaE59Burmans
AP06AsiaKachin (subfile of AP01)E22E59Kachin
AP07AsiaKaren (subfile of AP01)E22E59Karen
AR05AsiaGaroE23E47Garo
AR07AsiaKhasiE15E44Khasi
AU01AsiaAfghanistanE02
AU04AsiaPashtunE38E50Pashtun
AV01AsiaKashmirE07
AV03AsiaDardE14
AV04AsiaKashmiriE07
AV07AsiaBurushoE22E55Burusho
AW01AsiaIndiaE05
AW02AsiaBiharE17
AW05AsiaCoorgE18
AW06AsiaEast PanjabE08
AW07AsiaGujaratiE07
AW11AsiaKeralaE09
AW16AsiaTamilE32E56Tamil
AW17AsiaTeluguE22
AW19AsiaUttar PradeshE21E58Uttar Pradesh
AW25AsiaBhilE17E57Bhil
AW32AsiaGondE08E58Gond
AW37AsiaKolE06E60Kol
AW42AsiaSantalE20E46Santal
AW50AsiaBadagaE39E53Badaga
AW60AsiaTodaE01E57Toda
AW66AsiaCalcuttaE31
AW69AsiaBengaliE41E50Bengali
AX04AsiaSinhaleseE23E45Sinhalese
AX05AsiaVeddaE03E56Vedda
AZ02AsiaAndamansE13E43Andamans
E001EuropeEuropeE22
E016EuropeSlavic PeoplesE22
EA01EuropePolandE02
EB01EuropeCzechoslovakiaE09
EC01EuropeHungaryE19
ED01EuropeRumaniaE20
EE01EuropeBulgariaE16
EF01EuropeYugoslaviaE10
EF04EuropeE45Croats
EF05EuropeE45Montenegrins
EF06EuropeSerbsE14E45Serbs
EF07EuropeE45Slovenes
EF09EuropeE45Bosnian Muslims
EG01EuropeAlbaniaE21E59Albanians
EH01EuropeGreece (Greeks in eHRAF)E18E51Greeks
EH14EuropeSarakatsaniE28
EI01EuropeE26
EI09EuropeE55Imperial Romans
EK01EuropeAustriaE15
EO01EuropeFinlandE22
EP04EuropeLapps (Saami in eHRAF)E12E44Saami
EQ01EuropeE52Icelanders
EQ02EuropeE52Early Icelanders
ER06EuropeRural IrishE11
ES03EuropeGeorgian BritainE26E59British (1714-1815)
ES10EuropeHighland Scots IIE35E43Highland Scots
ES10EuropeHighland Scots IE24E43Highland Scots
ES13EuropeStuart BritainE26
ES14EuropeTudor BritainE25
EX08EuropeBasquesE40E49Basques
EZ06EuropeMaltaE01
FA08AfricaBambaraE07E55Bambara
FA16AfricaDogon IIE37E48Dogon
FA16AfricaDogon IE14E48Dogon
FA28AfricaMossiE01E56Mossi
FC07AfricaMendeE06E57Mende
FD06AfricaKpelleE36E56Kpelle
FE11AfricaTallensiE09E57Tallensi
FE12AfricaTwi (Akan in eHRAF)E20E48Akan
FF26AfricaIgboE30E51Igbo
FF38AfricaKatabE02E60Katab
FF52AfricaNupeE05E60Nupe
FF57AfricaTivE08E46Tiv
FF62AfricaYorubaE03E56Yoruba
FH09AfricaFangE04
FJ22AfricaNuerE08E50Nuer
FJ23AfricaShillukE01E57Shilluk
FK07AfricaGandaE13E46Ganda
FK11AfricaE51Banyoro
FK13AfricaE52Bagisu
FL06AfricaDoroboE17
FL08AfricaE54Gusii
FL10AfricaKikuyuE18E57Gikuyu
FL11AfricaLuoE07E58Luo
FL12AfricaMasai (Maasai in eHRAF)E21E44Maasai
FL17AfricaTurkanaE39E58Turkana
FL19AfricaNairobiE29
FL20AfricaE60Okiek
FN04AfricaChaggaE04E58Chagga
FN17AfricaNgonde (Nyakyusa and Ngonde in eHRAF)E03E58Nyakyusa and Ngonde
FN31AfricaE51Bena
FO04AfricaPygmies (Mbuti in eHRAF)E23E43Mbuti
FO07AfricaAzandeE16E47Azande
FO32AfricaMongoE08E57Mongo
FO42AfricaRundiE04
FO57AfricaE56Rwandans
FO58AfricaE57Barundi
FP13AfricaMbundu (Ovimbundu in eHRAF)E11E50Ovimbundu
FQ05AfricaBembaE15E45Bemba
FQ06AfricaIlaE07E60Ila
FQ09AfricaLoziE23E43Lozi
FQ12AfricaTongaE24E60Tonga
FR05AfricaNgoniE12
FR07AfricaE49Lakeshore Tonga
FS05AfricaShonaE42E60Shona
FT06AfricaThonga (Tsonga in eHRAF)E02E58Tsonga
FX10AfricaSan IE19E53San
FX10AfricaSan IIE38E53San
FX13AfricaHottenotE02E57Khoi
FX14AfricaLoveduE10
FX20AfricaZuluE28E53Zulu
FY08AfricaTanalaE05E56Tanala
FY11AfricaE51Betsileo
M001Middle EastMiddle EastE18
M004Middle EastE20
M013Middle EastE53Palestinians
MA01Middle EastIranE19E54Iran
MA10Middle EastE55Basseri
MA11Middle EastKurd (Kurds in eHRAF)E17E44Kurds
MA12Middle EastE54Lur
MB01Middle EastTurkey (Turks in eHRAF)E09E59Turks
MD01Middle EastSyriaE23
MD04Middle EastRwalaE03E56Rwala Bedouin
ME01Middle EastLebanonE15
MF01Middle EastE53Israelis
MG01Middle EastJordanE10
MH01Middle EastIraqE17
MI01Middle EastKuwaitE22
MJ01Middle EastSaudi ArabiaE13
MJ04Middle EastBedouin (subfile of MJ01)E13E56Bedouin
MK02Middle EastMaritime ArabsE22
MK04Middle EastTrucial OmanE22
ML01Middle EastYemen (Yemenis in eHRAF)E19E51Yemenis
MM01Middle EastAdenE16
MM02Middle EastHadhramautE02
MO04AfricaE45Somali
MP05AfricaE15E46Amhara
MP14AfricaE59Kaffa
MR13AfricaFellahinE11E58Fellahin
MR14AfricaSiwansE05
MS12AfricaHausaE14E45Hausa
MS14AfricaKanuriE23E46Kanuri
MS22AfricaTedaE32E58Teda
MS25AfricaTuaregE01E57Tuareg
MS30AfricaWolofE21E47Wolof
MS37AfricaSenegalE21
MT09AfricaLibyan BedouinE22E47Libyan Bedouin
MW11AfricaShluhE22E43Shluh
MX03AfricaRif (Berbers of Morocco in eHRAF)E24E58Berbers of Morocco
MZ02Middle EastBahrainE06
N007North AmericaChicanoE36E50Chicanos
N008North AmericaGypsies-RomE39
N009North AmericaNorth American HmongE41E49North American Hmong
N010North AmericaItalian AmericansE41E49Italian Americans
N011North AmericaE44North American Hasidic Jews
N016North AmericaE44North American Armenians
N017North AmericaE45Serbian Americans
N018North AmericaE45Basque Americans
N019North AmericaE45Korean Americans
NA06North AmericaAleutE14E54Aleut
NA10North AmericaSouth Alaska Eskimo (Alutiiq in eHRAF)E25E53Alutiiq
NA12North AmericaTlingit IE18E45Tlingit
NA12North AmericaTlingit IIE38E45Tlingit
NC04North AmericaE43Chinese Canadians
NC05North AmericaE47Arab Canadians
NC06North AmericaE49Italian Canadians
ND07North AmericaChipewyanE40E49Chipewyans
ND08North AmericaCopper Eskimo (Copper Inuit in eHRAF)E13E44Copper Inuit
ND09North AmericaHareE25
ND12North AmericaNahaneE04E59Kaska
NE06North AmericaBellacoola (Nuxalk in eHRAF)E01E58Nuxalk
NE11North AmericaNootka (Nuu-chah-nulth in eHRAF)E06E58Nuu-chah-nulth
NF04North AmericaE50Assiniboine
NF06North AmericaBlackfoot IIE32E47Blackfoot
NF06North AmericaBlackfootE22E47Blackfoot
NF12North AmericaE50Stoney
NG06North AmericaOjibwaE10E48Ojibwa
NG08North AmericaE55Western Woods Cree
NH06North AmericaMontagnaisE28E56Innu
NJ05North AmericaMicmac (Mi'kmaq in eHRAF)E09E58Mi'kmaq
NK04North AmericaAmerican BlacksE36E57African Americans
NK05North AmericaPuerto Ricans-MainlandE42E50Puerto Ricans (Mainland)
NK06North AmericaE43Chinese Americans
NK07North AmericaE46Haitian Americans
NK08North AmericaE46Cuban Americans
NK09North AmericaE47Arab Americans
NM06North AmericaAmishE37E56Amish
NM07North AmericaDelawareE08E51Delaware
NM09North AmericaIroquoisE20E44Iroquois
NN05North AmericaMountain WhitesE35
NN08North AmericaCherokeeE37E55Cherokee
NN11North AmericaCreekE04E56Creek
NN16North AmericaSeminoleE39E51Seminole
NN23North AmericaSea IslandersE40E54Sea Islanders
NO06North AmericaComancheE28E55Comanche
NO12North AmericaE43Cajuns
NP05North AmericaFoxE25E60Fox
NP12North AmericaWinnebagoE16E57Winnebago/Ho-Chunk
NQ06North AmericaArapahoE25
NQ10North AmericaCrowE01E60Crow
NQ12North AmericaDhegiha (see NQ21 and NQ22)E08
NQ13North AmericaGros VentreE07E59Gros Ventre
NQ17North AmericaMandanE03
NQ18North AmericaPawneeE19E46Pawnee
NQ21North AmericaE58Omaha
NQ22North AmericaE58Osage
NR04North AmericaPlateau IndiansE15
NR06North AmericaE52Chinookans of the Lower Columbia River
NR10North AmericaKlamathE23E46Klamath
NR13North AmericaNorthern PaiuteE22E59Northern Paiute
NR17North AmericaE49Quinault
NR19North AmericaSoutheast SalishE22
NS18North AmericaPomoE07E49Pomo
NS22North AmericaTubatulabalE18
NS29North AmericaYokutsE02E50Yokuts
NS30North AmericaE51Yuki
NS31North AmericaYurokE01E58Yurok
NT08North AmericaEastern ApacheE09E59Eastern Apache
NT09North AmericaHopi IIE38E48Hopi
NT09North AmericaHopiE24E48Hopi
NT13North AmericaNavaho IIE35E52Navajo
NT13North AmericaNavaho (Navajo in eHRAF)E17E52Navajo
NT14North AmericaPlateau Yumans (Havasupai in eHRAF)E05E58Havasupai
NT15North AmericaRiver YumansE21
NT16North AmericaSouthern PaiuteE31
NT17North AmericaTaosE34
NT18North AmericaTewaE06E57Tewa Pueblos
NT19North AmericaUteE30E55Ute
NT20North AmericaWashoE16
NT21North AmericaWestern ApacheE29E50Western Apache
NT22North AmericaWestern ShoshoneE32
NT23North AmericaZuniE07E56Zuni
NT24North AmericaMormonsE27
NT25North AmericaMescaleroE29E57Mescalero Apache
NT26North AmericaJicarillaE34
NT28North AmericaMohaveE33
NT38North AmericaE52Zia Pueblo
NU07Middle America and the CaribbeanAztecE02
NU07Middle America and the CaribbeanAztec IIE33
NU19Middle America and the CaribbeanE51Huichol
NU28North AmericaPapago (part of NU79 in eHRAF)E05
NU31Middle America and the CaribbeanSeriE15
NU33Middle America and the CaribbeanTarahumaraE20E45Tarahumara
NU34Middle America and the CaribbeanTarascoE04
NU37Middle America and the CaribbeanTepoztlanE03
NU44Middle America and the CaribbeanZapotecE29E51Zapotec
NU44Middle America and the CaribbeanZapotecE29E56Zapotec
NU46Middle America and the CaribbeanE57Nahua
NU54Middle America and the CaribbeanMexico, D.F.E30
NU79North AmericaE58O'odham
NV09Middle America and the CaribbeanTzeltalE13E43Tzeltal
NV10Middle America and the CaribbeanYucatec Maya [Maya (Yucatán)]E08E49Maya (Yucatán Peninsula)
NW08Middle America and the CaribbeanMamE25E57Mam Maya
OA01AsiaPhilippinesE13
OA05AsiaApayao (subfile of AO01)E13
OA14AsiaCentral Bisayan (subfile of AO01)E19
OA19AsiaIfugaoE20E47Ifugao
OB01AsiaIndonesiaE16
OC06AsiaIbanE17E43Iban
OC13AsiaE50Rungus Dusun
OD09AsiaE49Mentawaians
OE05AsiaJavaneseE31E57Javanese
OF05AsiaAlor (Alorese in eHRAF)E03E51Alorese
OF07AsiaBaliE07E57Balinese
OF09AsiaFlores (subfile of OF07)E18
OG06AsiaMakassarE08
OG11AsiaToraja (Eastern Toraja in eHRAF)E23E45Eastern Toraja
OG13AsiaE45Southern Toraja
OH04AsiaAmbon (subfile of OB01)E20
OI08OceaniaArandaE21E44Aranda
OI17OceaniaMurnginE04
OI19OceaniaTasmaniansE03
OI20OceaniaTiwiE01E56Tiwi
OJ13OceaniaKwomaE22E57Kwoma
OJ23OceaniaOrokaiva IIE34E52Orokaiva
OJ23OceaniaOrokaivaE01E52Orokaiva
OJ27OceaniaWogeoE14E60Wogeo
OJ29OceaniaKapaukuE18E46Kapauku
OL06OceaniaTrobriandsE20E43Trobriands
OL07OceaniaNortheastern MassimE42E60Northeastern Massim
OM06OceaniaManusE02E53Manus
OM10OceaniaNew IrelandE06
OM24OceaniaE59Lesu
ON06OceaniaBukaE02
ON13OceaniaSanta CruzE20E51Santa Cruz Islanders
OO12OceaniaMalekulaE06E50Malekula
OQ06OceaniaLau (Lau Fijians in eHRAF)E17E44Lau Fijians
OR11OceaniaMarshalls (Marshallese in eHRAF)E19E58Marshallese
OR15OceaniaBelauE40E58Belau
OR19OceaniaTruk (Chuuk in eHRAF)E21E47Chuuk
OR20OceaniaE55Ulithi
OR21OceaniaWoleaiE15E55Woleai Region
OR22OceaniaYap (Yapese in eHRAF)E14E54Yapese
OT11OceaniaTikopiaE16E43Tikopia
OU08OceaniaSamoaE07E56Samoans
OU09OceaniaTonga (Tongans in eHRAF)E27E54Tongans
OV05OceaniaE51Hawaiians
OX06OceaniaMarquesasE04E58Marquesas
OY02OceaniaEaster IslandersE05
OZ04OceaniaMaoriE08E56Maori
OZ11OceaniaPukapukaE04
R001EuropeSoviet UnionE15
RB01EuropeE22
RB05EuropeLithuaniansE14
RC01EuropeBelorussiaE22
RD01EuropeUkraineE09
RF01EuropeGreat RussiaE22
RG04EuropeEstoniaE16
RH01AsiaCaucasiaE22
RI01AsiaGeorgiaE17
RI03AsiaAbkhazE19E56Abkhazians
RL01AsiaTurkestanE18
RQ02AsiaKazak (Kazakh in eHRAF)E13E58Kazakh
RR01AsiaSiberiaE21
RU04AsiaSamoyedE24E59Samoyed
RU41AsiaE59Nenets
RV02AsiaYakutE20E45Yakut
RX02AsiaGilyakE10E57Nivkh
RY02AsiaKamchadalE14E44Chukchee
RY02AsiaChukcheeE19E44Chukchee
RY03Asia
RY04AsiaKoryak (Koryaks in eHRAF)E13E51Koryaks
SA12Middle America and the CaribbeanGarifunaE40E53Garifuna
SA15Middle America and the CaribbeanMosquito (Miskito in eHRAF)E04E58Miskito
SA19Middle America and the CaribbeanTalamancaE01E59Talamancans
SB05Middle America and the CaribbeanCuna (Kuna in eHRAF)E09E47Kuna
SC07South AmericaCagaba (Kogi in eHRAF)E15E45Kogi
SC13South AmericaGoajiroE01E59Goajiro
SC15South AmericaPaezE14
SD06South AmericaCayapaE20E59Chachi
SD09South AmericaJivaroE18E54Jivaro
SD13South AmericaEcuadorian Highland QuechuaE33
SD15South AmericaE57Quito Quichua
SD16South AmericaE57Otavalo Quichua
SD17South AmericaE57Saraguro Quichua
SD18South AmericaE57Canelos Quichua
SE13South AmericaInca (Inka in eHRAF)E07E53Inka
SE26South AmericaE50Shipibo
SF05South AmericaAymaraE16E43Aymara
SF10South AmericaChiriguanoE12
SF21South AmericaSirionoE21E55Sirionó
SF24South AmericaUruE08E60Uru-Chipaya
SG04South AmericaAraucaniansE02E56Mapuche
SH04South AmericaOnaE24E44Ona
SH05South AmericaTehuelcheE06E55Tehuelche
SH06South AmericaYahganE11E51Yahgan
SI04South AmericaAbiponE05E57Abipón
SI07South AmericaMatacoE09E45Mataco
SI12South AmericaTobaE31
SK06South AmericaChorotiE08
SK07South AmericaGuanaE17
SM03South AmericaCaingang (Aweikoma)E05E59Xokleng
SM04South AmericaGuaraníE16E46Guaraní
SM05South AmericaE58Terena
SO08South AmericaTimbiraE19E59Canela
SO09South AmericaTupinambaE20E51Tupinamba
SO11South AmericaBahia BraziliansE13E47Bahia Brazilians
SP07South AmericaBacairiE06E52Bakairi
SP08South AmericaBororoE23E44Bororo
SP09South AmericaCarajaE12
SP17South AmericaNambicuaraE04E57Nambicuara
SP22South AmericaTapirapeE03E57Tapirapé
SP23South AmericaTrumaiE18E57Trumai
SQ13South AmericaMundurucuE08E51Mundurucu
SQ18South AmericaYanoamaE23E43Yanoama
SQ19South AmericaTucano (Tukano in eHRAF)E22E46Tukano
SQ20South AmericaTucunaE22E57Ticuna
SR08South AmericaBush NegroesE14
SR09South AmericaCaribE20E56Barama River Carib
SR14South AmericaE47Ndyuka
SR15South AmericaE47Saramaka
SS16South AmericaPemonE15
SS18South AmericaWarao IIE34E49Warao
SS18South AmericaWaraoE17E49Warao
SS19South AmericaYaruroE19E60Pumé
ST13Middle America and the CaribbeanCallinago (Island Carib in eHRAF)E03E53Island Carib
SU01Middle America and the CaribbeanPuerto RicoE42E59Puerto Ricans (Island)
SV03Middle America and the CaribbeanHaitiE07E59Haitians
SY01Middle America and the CaribbeanJamaica (Jamaicans in eHRAF)E24E51Jamaicans

Nature and Use of the HRAF Files: A Research and Teaching Guide

This guide, downloadable in PDF format, was published in 1974 and was used to explain the nature and structure of the HRAF microfiche files.  Although the guide focuses on the HRAF microfiche files it provides relevant information in understanding the nature of the current format — the online eHRAF World Cultures database.

Topics in Nature and Use of the HRAF Files: A Research and Teaching Guide (49 MB; 49 Pages) include:
Part I.  The Nature of the HRAF Files: An Overview
Part II. Study and Research Applications of the HRAF Files
Part III. Teaching Applications of the HRAF Files
Part IV. How to Use the HRAF Files: Principles and Techniques
Part V. Organization of the HRAF Files
Part VI. Toward A  Comprehensive, Cultural Information System

Sample Page for HRAF Paper and Microfiche Files (2 MB; 2 Pages)

Microfiche Fees

The Associate Member dues for fiche (a minimum of 50 fiche) are $11.40 US per fiche in silver halide. (Pricing subject to change without notice.)

  • 30% discount for 12,000 or more fiche.
  • 15% discount for 6000-11,999 fiche.
  • 10% discount for the whole Probability Sample Files (about 4400 fiche).

HRAF’s Collection of Ethnography on microfiche is available solely from:

UMI/ProQuest Information and Learning
300 North Zeeb Road, P.O. Box 1346
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106-1346

Tel: 734-761-4700 or 1-800-521-0600
Fax: 734-975-6271
Web: www.il.proquest.com