Found 2165 Hypotheses across 217 Pages (0.007 seconds)
  1. The infant/child's age at introduction of liquid and solid non-breastmilk foods tends to be lower in preindustrial populations with agricultural or pastoral subsistence types than in hunting and gathering socieities (p. 50).Sellen, Daniel W. - Relationships between subsistence and age at weaning in "preindustrial" soci..., 2001 - 2 Variables

    This study tests the weaning food availability hypothesis, that both the introduction of foods other than breastmilk and the cessation of breastfeeding will vary by society's subsistence type. This hypothesis has implications for demography, as accelerated weaning can lead to increases in both mothers' fertility (due to decreased birth intervals) and infant mortality (due to the presence of pathogens in new foods).

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  2. The type of food given to children during weaning was qualitatively different across subsistence types (p. 50).Sellen, Daniel W. - Relationships between subsistence and age at weaning in "preindustrial" soci..., 2001 - 2 Variables

    This study tests the weaning food availability hypothesis, that both the introduction of foods other than breastmilk and the cessation of breastfeeding will vary by society's subsistence type. This hypothesis has implications for demography, as accelerated weaning can lead to increases in both mothers' fertility (due to decreased birth intervals) and infant mortality (due to the presence of pathogens in new foods).

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  3. Subsistence types with higher technology levels (advanced horticulture, agrarian) will have more warfare than those with lower technology levels (simple horticulture, hunting and gathering) (28).Nolan, Patrick D. - Toward an ecological-evolutionary theory of the incidence of warfare in prei..., 2003 - 2 Variables

    This article reassesses the question of relative peacefulness/violence of preindustrial societies. It tests two materialist theories suggesting that more advanced subsistence techniques and population pressure will increase the likelihood of warfare.

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  4. In societies with a more labor-intensive subsistence system, drug foods will function as labor enhancers (719).Jankowiak, William - Using drug foods to capture and enhance labor performance: a cross-cultural ..., 1996 - 2 Variables

    This study examines the relationship between drug foods and colonialism in relation to labor and trade. Relationships were found between political complexity, subsistence type, and the use of drug foods as labor and trade enhancers and inducers.

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  5. Non-maternal contact in hunting, gathering, and fishing societies will most likely be with a play group.Konner, Melvin J. - Relations among infants and juveniles in comparative perspective, 1976 - 2 Variables

    This article investigates peer relations in infancy, both in primates and in preindustrial human societies. Data from these populations shows a strong tendency toward a multi-age composition of play groups rather than solely peer-aged play groups for infants. Patterns in child care across societies of different subsistence types are empirically examined.

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  6. "Pastoralists [will] be rated higher on the traits of toughness, maturity, and dutifulness and lower on the traits of submisiveness than the mixed farmers" (292).Cone, Cynthia A. - Personality and subsistence: is the child the parent of the person?, 1979 - 2 Variables

    This study examines the relationship between personality traits and subsistence type in mixed farming and pastoralists societies. Findings suggest that differences in child socialization do not significantly predict personality differences in mixed farming and pastoralist societies as much as one would expect. Adult experiences should be considered as better predictors of personality traits.

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  7. Societies where ancestral hunting and gathering is the predominant subsistence mode will be negatively associated with the frequency of homosexuality (389).Barber, Nigel - Ecological and psychosocial correlates of male homosexuality: a cross-cultur..., 1998 - 2 Variables

    This study uses logistic regression to test the relationship between homosexuality and ecological and psychosocial variables. Significant associations were found between the frequency of homosexuality and type of agriculture, the occurrence of gathering, and psychosocial stressors in women's lives.

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  8. Sign language will be found in societies more heavily dependent on hunting for basic subsistence (187).Divale, William Tulio - Hunting and the development of sign language: a cross-cultural test, 1977 - 2 Variables

    The association between hunting and sign language is examined. It is hypothesized that sign language develops as a form of nonverbal communication to aid hunters in the coordinated stalking of game. Ethnographic evidence supports this hypothesis. A second hypothesis is also tested concerning the relationship between population size and non-verbal communication, however sampling procedures provided an inadequate test of this hypothesis.

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  9. The use of adult or child nurses to care for the infant or young child will be less likely in hunting, gathering, and fishing societies.Konner, Melvin J. - Relations among infants and juveniles in comparative perspective, 1976 - 2 Variables

    This article investigates peer relations in infancy, both in primates and in preindustrial human societies. Data from these populations shows a strong tendency toward a multi-age composition of play groups rather than solely peer-aged play groups for infants. Patterns in child care across societies of different subsistence types are empirically examined.

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  10. Agricultural societies will have higher paternal certainty than hunter-gatherer societies (230).Gaulin, Steven J.C. - Sexual dimorphism in the human post-reproductive life-span: possible causes, 1980 - 2 Variables

    This study tests possible explanations for sexual dimorphism in human post-reproductive life-spans. The author focuses on explanations involving male paternal investment and finds that men in agricultural societies are more likely to invest in their offspring than men in hunter-gatherer societies.

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