Hypotheses
- Controlling for geographic region, size of ethnic population will be positively associated with level of third-party punishment (588).Marlowe, Frank W. - More 'altruistic' punishment in larger societies, 2008 - 2 Variables
This article examines the relationship between population size (and complexity) and the level of third-party punishment in economic games. Results demonstrate that people in larger, more complex societies engage in significantly more third-party punishment than people in small-scale societies.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Costly punishment behavior in economic games will be present across a diverse range of human populations (1770).Henrich, Joseph - Costly punishment across human societies, 2006 - 1 Variables
This study examines costly punishment behavior across cultures. Authors conducted economic games in a variety of societies and found that costly punishment behavior occurs to varied degrees across cultures. Results also suggest that altruistic behavior is associated with costly punishment behavior.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - The magnitude of costly punishment behavior in economic games will vary among a diverse sample of cultures (1770).Henrich, Joseph - Costly punishment across human societies, 2006 - 1 Variables
This study examines costly punishment behavior across cultures. Authors conducted economic games in a variety of societies and found that costly punishment behavior occurs to varied degrees across cultures. Results also suggest that altruistic behavior is associated with costly punishment behavior.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Costly punishment behavior will be assoicated with altruistic behavior in economic games (1770).Henrich, Joseph - Costly punishment across human societies, 2006 - 2 Variables
This study examines costly punishment behavior across cultures. Authors conducted economic games in a variety of societies and found that costly punishment behavior occurs to varied degrees across cultures. Results also suggest that altruistic behavior is associated with costly punishment behavior.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - ". . . superordinate control . . . is correlated with the size of the population of the community, small communities tending to have coordinate control" (91)Whiting, Beatrice Blyth - Paiute sorcery, 1950 - 2 Variables
After studying Paiute society, the author postulates that sorcery may serve as a mechanism for social control in societies lacking superordinate authority justice. In this chapter, the cross-cultural results were presented.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Measures of fairness toward anonymous others will be positively associated with market integration (1480).Henrich, Joseph - Markets, religion, community size, and the evolution of fairness and punishment, 2010 - 2 Variables
In order to explore the evolution of mutually beneficial transactions in large societies, this experimental study gathered data on the way people in societies of different subsistence types played games simulating interactions with anonymous others. The degree of fairness displayed by different players was correlated with measures of large-scale institutions, such as a market or world religion, that were present in a player’s society. Results suggest that “modern prosociality is not solely the product of an innate psychology, but also reflects norms and institutions that have emerged over the course of human history” (1480).
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Measures of fairness toward anonymous others will be positively associated with adherence to a world religion (1481).Henrich, Joseph - Markets, religion, community size, and the evolution of fairness and punishment, 2010 - 2 Variables
In order to explore the evolution of mutually beneficial transactions in large societies, this experimental study gathered data on the way people in societies of different subsistence types played games simulating interactions with anonymous others. The degree of fairness displayed by different players was correlated with measures of large-scale institutions, such as a market or world religion, that were present in a player’s society. Results suggest that “modern prosociality is not solely the product of an innate psychology, but also reflects norms and institutions that have emerged over the course of human history” (1480).
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Individuals will ascribe moral attributes to their local deities.Purzycki, Benjamin Grant - The moralization bias of gods’ minds: a cross-cultural test, 2022 - 1 Variables
In this study, the authors inspect the relationship between religion, morality, and cooperation by examining the extent to which people associate their deities with moral concern. Using data from 2,228 individuals in 15 different field sites, they find that on average, people tend to ascribe at least some moral concern to their deities, and this effect is stable even after controlling for the influence of explicitly moralistic deities that these societies also worship. The authors also find that ratings of moral concern are not necessarily very high, even for deities that are typically considered to be moralistic, and that there is individual-level variation in the degree of moral concern attributed to deities. In addition, there is an individual-level correlation between how morally interested two selected deities are conceived to be and that being male or more educated decreases the likelihood of associating deities with moral concern. These findings challenge the longstanding belief that belief in moralistic deities is unique to certain societies or religions and instead suggest that the association between deities and moral concern is more widespread and variable, and suggest that the moral character of gods may be tied to cooperation within societies.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Moral concern attributed to local deities is lower when the dominant religion (i.e. that of the moralizing deity) is hostile or antagonistic towards the local deity.Purzycki, Benjamin Grant - The moralization bias of gods’ minds: a cross-cultural test, 2022 - 2 Variables
In this study, the authors inspect the relationship between religion, morality, and cooperation by examining the extent to which people associate their deities with moral concern. Using data from 2,228 individuals in 15 different field sites, they find that on average, people tend to ascribe at least some moral concern to their deities, and this effect is stable even after controlling for the influence of explicitly moralistic deities that these societies also worship. The authors also find that ratings of moral concern are not necessarily very high, even for deities that are typically considered to be moralistic, and that there is individual-level variation in the degree of moral concern attributed to deities. In addition, there is an individual-level correlation between how morally interested two selected deities are conceived to be and that being male or more educated decreases the likelihood of associating deities with moral concern. These findings challenge the longstanding belief that belief in moralistic deities is unique to certain societies or religions and instead suggest that the association between deities and moral concern is more widespread and variable, and suggest that the moral character of gods may be tied to cooperation within societies.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - Age affects how one perceives the moral concern of their moralizing and local deities.Purzycki, Benjamin Grant - The moralization bias of gods’ minds: a cross-cultural test, 2022 - 3 Variables
In this study, the authors inspect the relationship between religion, morality, and cooperation by examining the extent to which people associate their deities with moral concern. Using data from 2,228 individuals in 15 different field sites, they find that on average, people tend to ascribe at least some moral concern to their deities, and this effect is stable even after controlling for the influence of explicitly moralistic deities that these societies also worship. The authors also find that ratings of moral concern are not necessarily very high, even for deities that are typically considered to be moralistic, and that there is individual-level variation in the degree of moral concern attributed to deities. In addition, there is an individual-level correlation between how morally interested two selected deities are conceived to be and that being male or more educated decreases the likelihood of associating deities with moral concern. These findings challenge the longstanding belief that belief in moralistic deities is unique to certain societies or religions and instead suggest that the association between deities and moral concern is more widespread and variable, and suggest that the moral character of gods may be tied to cooperation within societies.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author