Male and female age organizations and secret societies in Africa

"Both graded and ungraded male age organizations seem to create cross-cutting ties, but neither has an important economic power in the society"(243).

Descriptive generalization

Test
Test Name	Support	Significance	Coefficient	Tail
NA	NA	NA	NA	NA

Main Author	Published Year	Hypothesis	Supported
Ericksen, Karen P.	1989	"Female age organizations never occur in the absence of male ones, and about half of the societies with male organizations also contain female ones"(243).	NA	Cite Related Hypotheses More By Author
Ericksen, Karen P.	1989	"Among male age organizations, 56.2% contain one or more grades through which members pass ceremonially"(243).	NA	Cite Related Hypotheses More By Author
Ericksen, Karen P.	1989	"Probably the most outstanding characteristic is the extent to which male age organizations cut across kin groups; only 2 cases contained only members of a single kin group"(243).	NA	Cite Related Hypotheses More By Author
Ericksen, Karen P.	1989	"The major role of age organizations in the economy, outside of mutual economic aid, is to provide a labor force for tribal elites or elders"(243). Age grades also affect social roles of male age organizations: "compared to those without grades, graded organizations are much more likely to (1) cut across communities (2) determine a man's appointment to political office, and (3) allow membership to continue after marriage"(243).	NA	Cite Related Hypotheses More By Author
Ericksen, Karen P.	1989	Women's age organizations were found to have shorter lived cross-cutting ties, confined to local communities, and more devoted to mutual aid. (245)	NA	Cite Related Hypotheses More By Author