Fire, Ash, and Sanctuary: Pyrotechnology as Protection in the Precolonial Northern Rio Grande

Agent of Change: The Deposition and Manipulation of Ash in the Past Berghahn Books New York Published In Pages: 76-93
By Adler, Michael A.

Hypothesis

Ash serves as a form of witchcraft protection amongst Southwestern and Great Basin cultures.

Note

Across the nine ethnographic groups (Hopi, Zuni, Navajo, Tewa, O'odham, Western Apache, Zia, Ute, Havasupai), only the Havasupai did not have this practice.

Test

Test NameSupportSignificanceCoefficientTail
Descriptive StatisticsSupported (8 of 9)UNKNOWNUNKNOWNUNKNOWN

Variables

Variable NameVariable Type OCM Term(s)
Ash as Witchcraft ProtectionDependentMagical And Mental Therapy