Hypotheses
- "We would predict . . . [that] . . . the greatest identification and guilt should be found in societies with nuclear households, next with monogamous extended households, next with polygynous households, and least of all with mother-child households" (162, 164)Whiting, John W.M. - Sorcery, sin and the superego: a cross-cultural study of some mechanisms of..., 1967 - 2 Variables
This chapter examines how sorcery, sin, and the superego function in societies to uphold taboos and other forms of social control. The author also explores the child-rearing conditions that are necessary to produce and maintain these cultural mechanisms. Several hypotheses are tested and all are supported.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "[There is a] joint effect of duration of the post-partum sex taboo and the severity of socialization of aggression on the belief that sorcerers can cause sickness" (152)Whiting, John W.M. - Sorcery, sin and the superego: a cross-cultural study of some mechanisms of..., 1967 - 4 Variables
This chapter examines how sorcery, sin, and the superego function in societies to uphold taboos and other forms of social control. The author also explores the child-rearing conditions that are necessary to produce and maintain these cultural mechanisms. Several hypotheses are tested and all are supported.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "Those societies with a long post-partum sex taboo . . . should be those who have the strongest belief in sorcery" (150)Whiting, John W.M. - Sorcery, sin and the superego: a cross-cultural study of some mechanisms of..., 1967 - 2 Variables
This chapter examines how sorcery, sin, and the superego function in societies to uphold taboos and other forms of social control. The author also explores the child-rearing conditions that are necessary to produce and maintain these cultural mechanisms. Several hypotheses are tested and all are supported.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "The strength of guilt feelings characterizing a society, as measured by the custom potential of patient responsibility for illness, will be measured by . . . the relative importance of relatives as secondary agents of socialization" (248, 251)Whiting, John W.M. - Child training and personality: a cross-cultural study, 1953 - 2 Variables
The authors put forward a theoretical model called "personality integration of culture." At the heart of the model is the idea that psychological processes may help explain why certain aspects of culture are related to other aspects. To test this model they focus on theories and therapies regarding illness and they use psychoanalytic ideas on positive and negative fixation to suggest how differences in child-rearing customs may account for different ideas about the causes of illness. The strongest results relate to socialization anxiety in a particular area of socialization (e.g., oral, dependency, and aggression) amd respective causes of illness. Results regarding negative fixation are generally supported, whereas positive fixation is not.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "Societies where parents, relatively speaking, neglect their children during infancy and punish them severely for aggression during childhood, should be the socieites that fear the ghosts of the dead at funerals" (157)Whiting, John W.M. - Sorcery, sin and the superego: a cross-cultural study of some mechanisms of..., 1967 - 3 Variables
This chapter examines how sorcery, sin, and the superego function in societies to uphold taboos and other forms of social control. The author also explores the child-rearing conditions that are necessary to produce and maintain these cultural mechanisms. Several hypotheses are tested and all are supported.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "Societies high in initial nurturance [dependence drive] should tend more strongly to blame illness on the patient himself than societies which are low in initial nurturance of the child" (238)Whiting, John W.M. - Child training and personality: a cross-cultural study, 1953 - 2 Variables
The authors put forward a theoretical model called "personality integration of culture." At the heart of the model is the idea that psychological processes may help explain why certain aspects of culture are related to other aspects. To test this model they focus on theories and therapies regarding illness and they use psychoanalytic ideas on positive and negative fixation to suggest how differences in child-rearing customs may account for different ideas about the causes of illness. The strongest results relate to socialization anxiety in a particular area of socialization (e.g., oral, dependency, and aggression) amd respective causes of illness. Results regarding negative fixation are generally supported, whereas positive fixation is not.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "Relative importance of love-oriented techniques of punishment by parents will be positively correlated with the importance of patient responsibility in the explanation of illness" (244)Whiting, John W.M. - Child training and personality: a cross-cultural study, 1953 - 2 Variables
The authors put forward a theoretical model called "personality integration of culture." At the heart of the model is the idea that psychological processes may help explain why certain aspects of culture are related to other aspects. To test this model they focus on theories and therapies regarding illness and they use psychoanalytic ideas on positive and negative fixation to suggest how differences in child-rearing customs may account for different ideas about the causes of illness. The strongest results relate to socialization anxiety in a particular area of socialization (e.g., oral, dependency, and aggression) amd respective causes of illness. Results regarding negative fixation are generally supported, whereas positive fixation is not.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "Societies with a high socialization anxiety tend to be higher on the index of patient responsibility [patient blames illness on himself] than do societies which are low in average socialization anxiety" (234)Whiting, John W.M. - Child training and personality: a cross-cultural study, 1953 - 2 Variables
The authors put forward a theoretical model called "personality integration of culture." At the heart of the model is the idea that psychological processes may help explain why certain aspects of culture are related to other aspects. To test this model they focus on theories and therapies regarding illness and they use psychoanalytic ideas on positive and negative fixation to suggest how differences in child-rearing customs may account for different ideas about the causes of illness. The strongest results relate to socialization anxiety in a particular area of socialization (e.g., oral, dependency, and aggression) amd respective causes of illness. Results regarding negative fixation are generally supported, whereas positive fixation is not.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - "Those societies which are relatively neglectful of infants should be more afraid of ghosts at funerals than those societies in which children are treated indulgently during their infancy" (156)Whiting, John W.M. - Sorcery, sin and the superego: a cross-cultural study of some mechanisms of..., 1967 - 2 Variables
This chapter examines how sorcery, sin, and the superego function in societies to uphold taboos and other forms of social control. The author also explores the child-rearing conditions that are necessary to produce and maintain these cultural mechanisms. Several hypotheses are tested and all are supported.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author - There will be a relationship between drunkenness and the following measures of orality: age of weaning, oral socialization anxiety, oral satisfaction, oral explanations of illness, oral therapies, food taboos during pregnancies, feasts or food taboos during mourning" (69)Field, Peter B. - A new cross-cultural study of drunkenness, 1962 - 8 Variables
This book chapter builds on Horton's 1943 psychoanalytical study of drunkenness. The author tests an overall theory that drunkenness, which facilitates personal and uninhibited interactions, is more acceptable, and therefore prevalent, in societies with loose, rather than rigid, social relationships. Indicators of social rigidity, such as strict socialization or male dominance through patrilocality, are tested for relationships to drunkenness.
Related Hypotheses Cite More By Author