Ecological and cultural factors underlying the global distribution of prejudice

Note

In the first study using nations as cases, the results show that ecological threat is related to cultural tightness (p=.004) but does not show a direct relation to prejudice (p=.38). There is also a significant indirect association between ecological threat and prejudice (p=.009). However, prejudice is not a significant predictor when controlling for cultural tightness (p=.46). In the second study using 50 U.S. states as cases, ecological threat has a significant association with both cultural tightness (p < .001) and prejudice (p = .001) across states. In the third study using 50 U.S. states, the ecological threat is associated with both cultural tightness (p<.001) and implicit prejudice (p<.02). In the fourth study using 47 societies from the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample, the ecological threat also predicts both cultural tightness (p=.05) and prejudice (p<.001). In the fifth study, using individuals from four countries with experimental prompts, cultural tightness is positively associated with both prejudice (p<.001), but the ecological threat has no significant effect on prejudice (p=.50). In the sixth and seventh studies, the perceived threat is associated with both cultural tightness (Americans, p=.02 / French, p<.001) and prejudice (Americans, p=.001 / French, p<.001). In all these studies, a Monte Carlo simulation confirmed this multi-level mediation.